Europe has considered itself the civilisation par excellence for centuries. Important pillars of the European self-image were the classical traditions of ancient Greece and Rome, the formation of universities and nations in the Middle Ages, the humanism of the Renaissance and the Enlightenment in the 18th century. The image of an enlightened, civilised Europe was propagated to every corner of the world, often with a heavy hand. This history is still prominent in the post-war project Europe: the preamble to the European Constitution speaks of an inspiration from "the cultural, religious and humanist traditions of Europe, which underpin the development of the universal values of the inviolable and inalienable rights of man and of freedom, democracy, equality and the rule of law". Research on the foundations of Europe can create a realistic(er) picture of Europe's genesis and thus provide more clarity on Europe's future.
Connecting character
Gaining insight into the foundations of Europe requires research from different perspectives, such as law, history, philosophy, economics, sociology and religious studies. Insights gained can be used in the process of further European integration, which will determine Europe's future. If Dutch citizens, companies, social parties and the Dutch state want to be able to make the most of the opportunities and challenges of the future, it is important to know those foundations. With that knowledge, it is (better) possible to connect and stay connected internationally to social and economic issues and opportunities now and in the future. Examples of questions: How do globalisation processes affect notions of citizenship, sovereignty, nationality and democracy? How can institutions designed to promote freedom and equality adapt to new developments? Can the European experiment with capitalism and democracy sustain itself in the 21st century? What role do minorities, with or without a European background, play in shaping a colourful Europe? How can the European Union respond decisively to new challenges, crises and more insidious issues such as ageing and climate change?
