The so-called Standard Model for elementary particles describes all elementary particles known to us. The model is somewhat similar to the Periodic Table of Elements, but it is much smaller. It is amazing that a small number of elementary building blocks can explain all forms of matter known to us. The maximum number of elementary particles is limited by certain symmetries, which we impose on the model However, we do not yet know why the model works, and where this symmetry structure, and thus the small number of elementary building blocks, comes from. Like other major physical phenomena such as the theory of general relativity and quantum mechanics, this symmetry structure might also manifest itself on a macroscopic scale, and lead to revolutionary applications. Moreover, it might turn out that the model is not finished, and that there are indeed new elementary building blocks that we have not yet discovered.
Connecting character
This question connects very elementary questions about the origin of the universe and the unravelling of the building blocks of matter. Answering these questions requires groundbreaking technology. Breaking these technological barriers can lead to a multitude of new spin-off applications. Here lies an opportunity for companies, especially also SMEs. Although applications in unexpected corners are difficult to predict, questioners think of using energy from the Higgs field or muons to scan very massive objects, among others. Others wonder if we can use neutrinos to scan the entire earth. The Dutch research community is at the forefront of the search for the building blocks of matter. The next decade represents a crucial period for this voyage of discovery.
