Living cells are characterised by complex, dynamic reaction networks of proteins and nucleic acids. Energy and substances are continuously supplied and reactions take place far beyond their equilibrium. For a bacterium like Escherichia coli, the composition of the cell is largely mapped. However, we lack a blueprint for building a cell from its individual biomolecules. The joining of forces of biologists, chemists, computer scientists and physicists provides new possibilities that put building a cell within reach.
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The design and bottom-up construction of new cell-like systems is an enormous scientific challenge, but also has unprecedented potential applications, such as in (regenerative) medicine and for the production of medicines and raw materials. The ultimate goal is to construct a synthetic cell that can grow and in which all kinds of processes can evolve. The Netherlands plays a leading role in this field with numerous top researchers and companies studying complex dynamic systems. There is a huge opportunity to make the Netherlands a global hub for this research, with all the associated high-tech industry. The theme ties in with multiple top sectors, such as Life Sciences and Health and Chemistry. A multitude of companies from all relevant areas are already actively involved in research and public-private cooperation with knowledge institutions. This question is linked to how living cells work, what cells can teach us about life processes, and how we can repair, replace or redesign biological systems. The question also touches on how technology is changing human existence and ethical dilemmas involved.
